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Jiu-Jitsu,
which means
gentle art is the oldest form of martial art. It originated in
India more than 2000 years before Christ. It was created by monks
who could not use any type of weapons to defend their lives against
barbarian attacks. It spread through China, and eventually took
root and was elaborated on in Japan becoming the first martial
art style. The samurai clans in Japan adopted Jiu-Jitsu as
their own traditional style to defeat an opponent regardless if
the situation was striking, throwing or grappling. With the passing
years, they split the techniques and developed other martial arts
styles, such as judo, akido, karate, etc.
In 1914, Japanese Jiu-Jitsu
champion Esai Maeda migrated to Brazil, where he was instrumental
in establishing a Japanese immigrant community. His efforts were
aided by Gastão Gracie, a Brazilian scholar and politician
of Scottish descent. As an expression of his gratitude for Gracie's
assistance, Maeda taught the Brazilian's oldest son Carlos the
essential secrets of the ancient martial arts technique. Carlos
taught Maeda's techniques to his four brothers, and in 1925 they
opened the first Jiu-Jitsu academy in Brazil. For the
Gracie brothers, teaching the art was more than an occupation.
It was their passion.
One of the brothers,
Helio Gracie, paid special interest to the use of the techniques.
Helio being of small frame, light in weight (only 135 pounds),
and in frail health, was 16 when he began learning Jiu-Jitsu.
Being unable to participate in classes, he would sit and watch
his older brother teach every day. One day when Carlos was unable
to make it to class, Helio was asked to instruct. Because of his
size and stature, he began to work with and adapt the basic rules
of Jiu-Jitsu. He introduced the application of leverage to the
art, making it possible for a smaller opponent to defeat a larger
one. He began experimenting, modifying and enhancing the basic
techniques to make them effective for a person regardless of his
or her stature.Thus began the development of a new and more effective
art - Gracie Jiu-Jitsu.
Helio's skills eventually enabled him to beat some of the world's
greatest fighters. Helio's feats include the longest fight in
recorded history - 3 hours and 45 minutes, nonstop - and the historic
match against Masahiko Kimura, who was probably the greatest fighter
Japan ever produced. Now in his 90's, Helio Gracie still teaches
and is widely recognized as a living legend.
Helio's quest became
today's Gracie Jiu-Jitsu, a martial art that is continuously evolving
as a result of input from practitioners throughout the world.
Much has been learned since the beginningwhen the Gracies began
developing the sport. Rickson Gracie, one of Helio's sons, has
been the family champion for the past 20 years and is the ultimate
embodiment of Gracie Jiu-Jitsu.
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